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| History of Crystal |
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The word crystal comes from Old Greek “crystal: whish means “ice” and because of its clearness and hardness it started to be used for the mineral as well. In glass industry they started to use the name “crystal” in Murano in 16th century. It happened when glass masters cleaned the green touch off the glass. The word crystal comes from Old Greek “crystal: whish means “ice” and because of its clearness and hardness it started to be used for the mineral as well. In glass industry they started to use the name “crystal” in Murano in 16th century. It happened when glass masters cleaned the green touch off the glass. Ferum oxid which is present in sand used for glass production is conductive to the green touch of the oldest glass. However Murano crystal was very breakable (regarding to its chemical composition) and unfit for grinding and engraving, which was common by Bohemian Crystal. Czech glassmakers overcame this imperfection at the turn of 16th and 17th century. They improved the glass technology in so far that the Bohemian Crystal gained a worldwide reputation. Thanks to the new technology the crystal could be cut and enchased, which was not possible before. The method traveled abroad to England and France. The big step forward in quality of crystal was the addition of lead oxid. It greatly improved its optical properties. High lead crystal has to contains 24% or even 30 % of lead oxid. Swarovski crystal has got 32% and at the same time it must match the high requirements for light transmissivity – homogeneity and cleanness – absence of striae. |
